While many travelers to St. Maarten report being bitten by what they call "sand fleas," the primary culprit on the island's 37 beaches is typically the sand fly (also known as "no-see-ums"). True sand fleas are small crustaceans that generally do not bite humans; however, sand flies are tiny, biting insects that are most active during the early morning and at sunset. These pests can leave itchy red welts that last for days. To protect yourself, it is recommended to avoid the beach during their peak active hours and to use a high-quality insect repellent, such as the local "St. Maarten Nectar," which is a popular island export specifically designed to prevent tropical bites. If you find yourself bitten, over-the-counter antihistamines or hydrocortisone creams can help soothe the irritation. Despite these pests, the nuisance is generally considered minor compared to the beauty of the island's coastline.