Never swim or wade upstream near a waterfall, even if the water appears shallow and calm. The currents close to the falls could pull swimmers over the edge.
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The resulting erosion at the base of a waterfall can be very dramatic, and cause the waterfall to recede. The area behind the waterfall is worn away, creating a hollow, cave-like structure called a rock shelter. Eventually, the rocky ledge (called the outcropping) may tumble down, sending boulders into the stream ...
A plunge pool (or plunge basin or waterfall lake) is a deep depression in a stream bed at the base of a waterfall or shut-in. It is created by the erosional forces of cascading water on the rocks at formation's base where the water impacts.