Yes, a Private Pilot (PPL) can absolutely take passengers, but there is one major legal restriction: they cannot fly for "compensation or hire." In 2026, FAA and international regulations state that a private pilot may take friends, family, or even strangers, but the pilot must pay at least their pro-rata share of the operating expenses (fuel, oil, airport fees, and rental costs). The pilot cannot "make a profit" or be paid for their time; if they do, they are effectively acting as a commercial pilot without the necessary higher-level certification, which is a major violation that can lead to the revocation of their license. However, there is an exception for charitable events and search-and-rescue operations where some costs may be reimbursed. For a PPL holder, taking passengers is one of the most rewarding aspects of flying, allowing them to share the experience of flight while building hours, provided they adhere strictly to the "equal sharing of costs" rule.