Yes, you are permitted to bring up to two pieces of luggage on the Shinkansen in 2026, provided each bag does not exceed a total linear dimension (length + width + height) of 250 cm and a weight of 30 kg. However, there is a very important 2026 rule regarding "Oversized Baggage" (bags with total dimensions between 160 cm and 250 cm). If your luggage falls into this oversized category, you must reserve a specific "Baggage Space" seat in advance. This reservation is free if made with your ticket, but if you board without a reservation, you will be charged a 1,000 yen fine and the staff may move your bag to a different area. Small suitcases and carry-on sized bags (under 160 cm) do not need a reservation and can be stored in the overhead racks. For 2026 travelers, the "Hands-Free Travel" luggage forwarding services (Takkyubin) remain highly recommended, as navigating busy stations like Tokyo or Shin-Osaka with two large suitcases can be extremely difficult despite the generous allowance.