Can Las Vegas survive without Lake Mead?

Without Lake Mead, Las Vegas would lose access to 90 percent of its water sources. If Lake Mead were to reach dead pool, it would technically still be able to supply drinking water to Las Vegas. But there will not be enough water for agricultural activities.



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Without Lake Mead, Las Vegas would lose access to 90 percent of its water sources. If Lake Mead were to reach dead pool, it would technically still be able to supply drinking water to Las Vegas. But there will not be enough water for agricultural activities.

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What happens if Lake Mead dries up forever? If Lake Mead were to run out of water, the Hoover Dam would no longer be able to generate power or provide water to surrounding cities and farms. The Colorado River would essentially stop flowing, and the Southwest would be in a major water crisis.

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As crazy as it sounds, engineers say the idea is technically feasible. It would involve building a system of dams and pipelines to move the water uphill across multiple states over the Continental Divide. Gravity would then work in our favor to drop the water down to the Colorado River watershed.

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D.J. Jenner, the owner of Las Vegas Scuba, who has been observing the lake for years, told Impact that the water levels have gone down roughly 40 feet since he started his business. There's still plenty of water out here for people to come out and enjoy the lake, but it is going down pretty quickly, he said.

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While recent rainfall at Lake Mead has raised its water levels minimally, the difference is not substantial enough to make up for the lake's losses. Experts attribute low water level projections to several factors. For one, drought conditions appear to be long-lasting; it's unlikely that the climate will recover soon.

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Hoover Dam, a concrete-arch gravity dam, captures water from the Colorado River and fills Lake Mead. At capacity (1,221.4 feet above sea level), the lake is the nation's largest reservoir, able to contain 28.9 million acre-feet of water covering about 248 square miles.

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When the snow eventually begins to melt, gravity will take over. As the water flows down from higher elevations, it begins a long journey that does not end at Lake Mead. According to the Las Vegas Valley Water District (LVVWD) the water will slowly seep into the ground.

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As much as we clearly wanted it to, Hurricane Hilary couldn't help with that. Its rain didn't reach into the Rockies to sate those soils. And while Hilary drenched areas near Lake Mead, it gained less than a foot of elevation in the days after the storm (it is a big lake, after all, which takes a lot of water to fill).

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Lake Mead's water level continues to fall to historic lows, bringing the reservoir less than 150 feet away from “dead pool” — so low that water cannot flow downstream from the dam. The loss of water entirely from this source would be catastrophic.

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Studies show that a project like this would be possible, though it would take decades of construction and billions of dollars. Maybe even trillions.

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