Not being able to see where you're flying is – believe it or not – perfectly safe. Aircraft have radars to 'see', while movements are digitally monitored by air traffic controllers to keep aircraft at a safe height and distance from each other.
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The type of weather that delays and cancels flights is called inclement weather. Inclement weather is categorized as thunderstorms, snowstorms, wind shear, icing, and fog. Any inclement weather is by far the most hazardous. This is the type of weather that causes the most cancellations and delays, not just rain.
For single and twin engine airplanes the standard departure visibility minimum is one mile. Many pilots flying under Part 91 believe using the approach and landing minimum visibility as a takeoff minimum makes sense.
Pilots see only darkness around them except for lights if visibility is good. At night or even during day commercial planes navigate by using onboard instruments from immediately after takeoff till landing. They are not supposed to navigate based on visual cues.
This is why pilots do not choose to fly through clouds if they are avoidable and plan their flight path in order to avoid certain weather patterns involving large and dangerous cloud formations (for larger passenger aircraft this means flying up above the cloud base).
Low Visibility Caused by Heavy RainHowever, to land the aircraft manually, the pilots require a horizontal visibility of 550m. If the rain is extremely heavy, visibility may reduce to below this level. This then requires the pilots to carry out an 'auto-land' where the aircraft touches down with the autopilot engaged.
Rain is just water, no matter the pressure. Modern aircraft can generate lift regardless of the heaviness of the rain. Planes can and will take off and land in the rain. The only real problem with heavy rainfall is the decrease in visibility for the pilots.
While rain has a very slim chance of canceling a flight, there can be a minor chance that rain will delay it. Rain is just water, no matter the pressure. Modern aircraft can generate lift regardless of the heaviness of the rain. Planes can and will take off and land in the rain.
Turbulence might occur during your flight in rainy weather due to the presence of different air masses mixing together and causing disturbances aloft. Warm and cold air masses interacting with each other can result in turbulent conditions high in the sky, making your flight potentially more uncomfortable.
What happens when en route flights encounter thunderstorms? Jet aircraft can safely fly over thunderstorms only if their flight altitude is well above the turbulent cloud tops. The most intense and turbulent storms are often the tallest storms, so en route flights always seek to go around them.