Yes, you can bring luggage, but there are specific rules regarding size. Passengers are allowed up to two pieces of baggage, each with a total dimension (length + width + height) of no more than 250 cm and a weight under 30 kg. However, since 2020, "oversized baggage" (total dimensions between 161 cm and 250 cm) requires a mandatory seat reservation that includes a baggage space. These are usually the last row of seats in a car. If you board without a reservation for oversized bags, you may be charged a 1,000 yen penalty fee and be forced to move your luggage to a designated area. Smaller bags and standard carry-ons can usually fit in the overhead racks above the seats, which are surprisingly spacious compared to airplanes. For very large items or if you want to travel hands-free, many travelers use Japan's excellent takuhaibin (luggage delivery) services to send bags from hotel to hotel.