Amtrak has a generous but strict luggage policy regarding size and weight. Most passengers can carry on two personal items (25 lbs each) and two carry-on bags (50 lbs each), which must not exceed 28 x 22 x 14 inches. If an item exceeds these dimensions, it is considered "oversized" and may incur a $20 excess baggage fee. However, there is a hard limit: items cannot exceed 75 lbs or a total linear dimension of 75 inches. For truly large items like bicycles or certain sporting equipment, you often need to reserve space in advance for a specialized fee (usually $20) or use checked baggage service if available at your specific stations. If an instrument or piece of equipment is too large for the overhead racks or designated luggage areas, Amtrak may require you to purchase an additional full revenue seat to transport it safely. Always check if your specific train route offers checked baggage, as many regional trains are carry-on only.