Yes, a 12-year-old can fly alone, but their status depends on the specific airline's policy. Most airlines classify children aged 12 to 15 (or 17) as "Young Passengers" or "Young Travelers." At age 12, many airlines—including major carriers like Delta, British Airways, and Lufthansa—allow them to fly without the mandatory "Unaccompanied Minor" (UM) service required for younger children. However, some airlines (particularly low-cost carriers like AirAsia) still require a parent-signed indemnity form or may still classify them as minors who cannot travel entirely alone. If you choose not to pay for the UM service (where available as an option for 12-year-olds), the airline will treat the child as an adult passenger, meaning they must navigate the airport and any connections independently. Always check the "Minor Travel" section of the airline's website, as some international routes have stricter document requirements for solo minors.