A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in USA) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way.
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British Dictionary definitions for tram (1 of 3)tram1. / (træm) / noun. Also called: tramcar an electrically driven public transport vehicle that runs on rails let into the surface of the road, power usually being taken from an overhead wire: US and Canadian names: streetcar, trolley car.
The North American English use of the term trolley instead of tram for a street railway vehicle derives from the work that Sprague did in Richmond and quickly spread elsewhere. Los Angeles built the largest electric tramway system in the world, which grew to over 1600 km of track.
However, the demise of the streetcar came when lines were torn out of the major cities by bus manufacturing or oil marketing companies for the specific purpose of replacing rail service with buses. In many cases, postwar buses were cited as providing a smoother ride and a faster journey than the older, pre-war trams.
The advent of personal motor vehicles and the improvements in motorized buses caused the rapid disappearance of the tram from most western and Asian countries by the end of the 1950s (for example the first major UK city to completely abandon its trams was Manchester by January 1949).
The tramway is the first commuter aerial tramway in North America, having opened in 1976. Since then, over 26 million passengers have ridden the tram. Manhattan, New York City, U.S. The tram consists of two cars that run back and forth on two parallel tracks.
In the UK, a 'rake of coaches / carriages' describes a set of passenger coaches pulled by a locomotive. Trains can also be described as a 'formation', particularly when both passenger and freight stock is used.
Tram — a light train for passengers capable of being used extensively on street level. Metro — a grade separated train for passengers (on bridges, tunnels and stuff that prevents it from crossing street levels) separate from the standard railways in the area within an urban area that runs on high frequencies.
First electric tram in England was opened in 1885 in Blackpool. There are more than 200 European cities who have active tram lines. More than 36,000 trams and light rail vehicles are currently in operation all around the world. The largest fleet of trams is in a city of Prague (920).
1909: Electric trolleys replaced the steam-powered cable cars in all five boroughs, giving NYC transportation a sudden boost in speed and efficiency. 1957: The last streetcars disappeared, fully replaced by the city's bus system.
An extensive tram network covered large parts of London for several decades during the first half of the twentieth century. By the 1950s, however, trams were seen as old fashioned and were gradually phased out to create more room for buses and cars.
But the trams had become a political football (in Leeds it was Labour that did for them, in Liverpool it was the Conservatives). They were unwanted clutter from the past at a time when operating costs of public transport networks were rising and meeting housing targets was the big priority for investment.
The City of Oxford and District Tramway Company and its successor the City of Oxford Electric Traction Company operated a horse-drawn passenger tramway service in Oxford between 1881 and 1914. The tramway was unusual for having a track gauge of only 4 feet (1.219 m).