No, you generally do not have to recheck your luggage in Frankfurt if you are traveling on a single ticket (one booking) and connecting from one international flight to another. In most cases, your bags are "checked through" to your final destination at your initial departure airport. When you land in Frankfurt, you simply follow the signs for "Connecting Flights" or "Transfers" to your next gate. The primary exception occurs if you are traveling on separate tickets from different airlines that do not have an interline agreement; in that case, you would need to clear customs, collect your bags, and check in again. Additionally, unlike the United States, Germany does not require you to "clear and recheck" your bags at your first point of entry if your final destination is also international. If your final destination is within the Schengen Area, you will go through passport control in Frankfurt, but your checked bags will still proceed directly to your final stop. Always confirm with the check-in agent at your origin airport to be 100% sure your luggage tag lists your final destination and that you do not need to retrieve it during your layover at Frankfurt Airport.