Cash still plays a major role in Tokyo, although more places accept credit cards now. Travel IC cards such as Suica and PASMO are also common forms of cashless payment.
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Though you will certainly need some cash, carrying wads of money, which could easily be stolen, lost, or just spent too quickly, is not ideal. There are three main options when it comes to cards in Japan – credit cards, debit cards, or travel money cards.
That's certainly a comfortable budget as long as you aren't expecting to eat many fancy meals or do a lot of drinking or clubbing. You can probably save some money with strategic use of transit passes (see summaries on Japan Guide or elsewhere). You should look into the Grutto Pass.
The best way to get Japanese cash is from an ATM in Japan (do not buy yen before coming to Japan as the rate will be terrible). You can use your home bank card with many Japanese ATMs. 7-11 ATMs are the easiest to use and accept the most foreign cards. They are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
$5000 is more than enough for one person for at comfortable two-week trip after an economy airfare from the USA and economy to mid-range hotel reservations are arranged in advance.
Assessing the reasons why Japanese consumers prefer cash, Statista notes its security and reliability are highly valued. Over 55 percent of respondents cited concerns over personal information leakage as being a major drawback of cashless options.
Credit, debit and prepaid cards of international brands are generally accepted throughout the country. There will be instances where stores may not display the symbols of the cards they accept, so ask the salesperson if you can use your card.