While the JR Pass covers long-distance Shinkansen and JR-branded local lines, you still need an IC card like Pasmo or Suica for a seamless travel experience. The JR Pass does not cover privately owned subways, non-JR buses, or the many "Third Sector" railways found in cities like Tokyo and Kyoto. An IC card allows you to "tap and go" on these non-JR services without standing in line for individual paper tickets. Furthermore, Pasmo and Suica are widely used as "digital wallets" at vending machines, convenience stores (konbini), and some restaurants. In 2026, most travelers prefer adding a digital Pasmo or Suica to their Apple Wallet or Google Pay, which eliminates the need for a physical card and allows for instant top-ups using