Whether you need to go through security again depends entirely on the airport and the "transit agreement" between your departure and arrival countries. In most European (Schengen) hubs, if you are arriving from a "clean" security country (like the US or UK) and staying airside to catch another flight, you often do not need to clear security again. However, if you are connecting in the United States, you must almost always clear Customs and Border Protection (CBP) AND go through TSA security again, even if you are just passing through to another country. In 2026, many major hubs like Dubai, Singapore, and London Heathrow have streamlined this, but as a rule of thumb: if you have to change terminals or enter a different country’s "domestic" zone, expect a security screening. Always check your specific transit airport’s map beforehand.