For U.S. citizens on "Closed-Loop" cruises (those starting and ending at the same U.S. port), children under 16 do not strictly need a passport; they can travel with an original or certified copy of their government-issued birth certificate. However, for all other international sailings or flights, a valid passport is mandatory. In 2026, Carnival and travel experts strongly recommend that all children carry a passport anyway. If a medical emergency occurs or the ship is diverted to a foreign port not on the original itinerary, a child without a passport would be legally unable to fly home. Additionally, some specific destinations like Martinique or Guadeloupe require a passport regardless of the cruise type. Relying on a birth certificate is a "budget" option, but a passport is the only way to ensure 100% travel flexibility and safety for a child in the event of an unforeseen travel disruption.