In addition, with maglev trains, propulsion power only needs to be provided for short stretches as the vehicle passes through an active propulsion section. Thus, the primary energy needs of the maglev trains are significantly reduced, compared to wheel/rail systems at the same speed.

Yes, Maglev trains use significant amounts of energy, particularly at high speeds, although their consumption profile differs from traditional rail. In 2026, Maglev technology (like the Chuo Shinkansen) requires electricity for three main functions: levitation, propulsion, and stabilization. While Maglevs eliminate "rolling resistance" because they don't touch the tracks, they still face massive aerodynamic drag, which increases exponentially with speed. At 500 km/h (311 mph), over 90% of the energy consumed is used simply to push through the air. Interestingly, Maglevs are often more energy-efficient than traditional high-speed trains at extreme speeds because they lack the mechanical friction of wheels and axles. However, the energy required to maintain the powerful magnetic fields—especially for systems using "Electro-Dynamic Suspension" (EDS) with superconducting magnets—is constant and high. In 2026, the debate over Maglev is less about whether they "use" energy and more about their efficiency-per-passenger at speeds that traditional wheel-on-rail systems simply cannot sustain safely or economically.