Yes, Sanibel Island has a dedicated population of year-round residents, though the island's demographics shift significantly with the seasons. Approximately 6,000 people call the island their permanent home, supported by local infrastructure like The Sanibel School (K-8) and a full-time city government. These residents take great pride in the island's "old school Florida" vibe, where over 60% of the land is preserved in its natural state. However, during the "winter" months from November to April, the population nearly triples as "snowbirds" arrive from colder climates. Living year-round requires a tolerance for the humid rainy season from June to September and a commitment to "island time," which involves commuting across the Sanibel Causeway for major shopping or specialized healthcare in Fort Myers. For those who stay through the summer, the reward is a peaceful, uncrowded paradise where the beaches and nature preserves feel like a private backyard.