To communicate with air traffic controllers on the ground, pilots use either satellites or high-frequency radio systems when flying over the ocean.
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Yes.Pilots engage in air-to-air conversations frequently when crossing the Atlantic. This usually happens on the VHF frequency of 123.45. It can also happen on the frequency of 121.5 (referred to as “guard” frequency) however this frequency is also reserved for emergencies.
As a blanket statement, no, it is not illegal to fly without ATC contact. More precisely, it is completely legal to fly without radio contact except in certain designated airspace or while flying under instrument flight rules (IFR).
An airplane in classes A through D must always be either communication with ATC or at least have established contact with ATC. Class E airspace is more related to weather requirement than it is to communication and in most cases does not require ATC communications.
Yes, the airlines know they have married couples in their cockpits and they're okay with it. I'm sure there are a handful flying together at each of the majors. No one else wastes time thinking about it. There is no glass ceiling; pilot pay is transparent and based solely on seniority.
The FAA (Federal Aviation Authority) and ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), the world's organization overseeing aviation, require all pilots flying under their organizations to have attained ICAO “Level 4” English ability. This means all pilots must speak, read, write, and understand English fluently.
There are flights over the Arctic Circle and North pole between Asia and North America. Pilots adjust their flight route for winds aloft. It's common to deviate south of the arctic circle on an eastbound flight because a plane can take advantage of a trailing jet stream to save fuel and time.
Additionally, we'll discuss factors such as age, work stress levels, deployment frequency and more that may influence marital satisfaction amongst pilots worldwide. Pilots have a divorce rate of 30.5%, according to a study conducted on various professions.
It's unrealistic to expect a crew to fly together for several days and never discuss anything except items related to flying the aircraft. In fact, experts have demonstrated that in order to be most effective, crews need to talk -- even if it is just merely get to know you sort of chat.
It is perfectly possible to do the climb, cruise, and approach phases under instruments without any visibility. You look out the window, but all you see is fog, or black night plus fog. This is instrument flying, done under Instrument Flight Rules.