In 2026, U.S. citizens do not need a traditional "visa" for short-term tourism or business stays in Spain (up to 90 days), but they must have an ETIAS authorization. The European Travel Information and Authorization System (ETIAS) is a mandatory electronic travel permit that officially launched for American travelers in the latter half of 2025. You apply for it online before your trip, pay a small fee (approx. €7 or $8), and it is valid for three years or until your passport expires. It is linked electronically to your passport, so there is no physical stamp or sticker. For stays longer than 90 days, or for work and study purposes, a formal Schengen visa is still required. It is a peer-to-peer "safety essential" to apply for your ETIAS at least 96 hours before your flight to avoid any last-minute technical delays at the airport, as airlines will deny boarding without a confirmed ETIAS status.