The answer depends on how you use your Capital One miles. If you redeem miles to "book travel" directly through the Capital One Travel portal, the booking is treated like a cash purchase by the airline. Therefore, you will typically earn frequent flyer miles and elite status credits with the airline for that flight, provided you enter your loyalty number. However, you do not earn Capital One miles on the portion of the ticket paid for with rewards. Conversely, if you "transfer" your Capital One miles to a partner airline (like Air Canada or British Airways) to book an "award ticket" directly through the airline's own system, you will not earn any frequent flyer miles or points on that flight, as it is classified as a non-revenue award seat. In short: booking through the portal earns airline miles; transferring to partners does not.