No, you do not have to check in exactly 24 hours before your flight, but it is highly recommended to do so as soon as the window opens. Most airlines open their online check-in 24 hours prior to the scheduled departure time (though some, like Air France or KLM, open it 30 hours early, and Ryanair can be up to 60 days early if you've paid for a seat). Checking in early is beneficial because it often determines your boarding position (especially on Southwest) and gives you the first pick of remaining seat assignments. It also allows you to confirm that all your travel documents are in order and potentially avoid being "bumped" if the flight is overbooked, as "last to check in" is often the first to be moved. You can technically check in anytime up until the airline's deadline (usually 45–60 minutes before takeoff), but waiting until you get to the airport means you may face long queues and a more limited selection of seats.