In class E airspace, IFR aircraft are controlled by ATC. As a VFR aircraft, you aren't required to be in contact with ATC, but IFR aircraft must operate on an ATC clearance. That means the airspace is controlled.

In 2026, the requirement to contact Air Traffic Control (ATC) in Class E airspace depends entirely on the type of flight operation being conducted. Under Visual Flight Rules (VFR), pilots are generally not required to communicate with ATC or have a transponder unless they are within specific areas like a "transponder veil" or above 10,000 feet MSL. Class E is "controlled" airspace, but it is primarily designed to provide separation for aircraft operating under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). If a pilot is flying under IFR, they must maintain constant communication with ATC and follow their instructions. While VFR pilots are not mandated to talk to ATC, it is considered a best practice to use "Flight Following" services if available, especially in busy corridors, to enhance situational awareness. Because Class E exists in many forms—starting at the surface, 700 feet AGL, or 1,200 feet AGL—pilots must carefully check their sectional charts to understand where the "controlled" nature of the airspace begins, though the lack of a radio requirement for VFR remains one of its most defining characteristics compared to Class B, C, or D airspaces.