Yes, the government—specifically aviation authorities like the FAA in the U.S. and Eurocontrol in Europe—tracks virtually every commercial and private flight in real-time. This is primarily done through ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) technology, which has been mandatory for most aircraft since 2020. Aircraft equipped with ADS-B "Out" automatically broadcast their precise GPS position, altitude, and speed once per second to a network of ground stations and satellites. This data is used by air traffic control to ensure safe separation and efficient routing. While private jet owners can request to be "blocked" from public tracking websites like FlightAware (via the LADD program), the government still has the data for security and safety purposes. In 2026, this high-fidelity surveillance is a cornerstone of the "NextGen" air traffic system, allowing the government to monitor the national airspace with far greater accuracy than traditional radar, which is being phased out as the primary method for tracking civilian and government flight paths.