Electricity is generated by diesel generators at the Fishing Factory. The system underwent a major re-development after a devastating factory fire in 2008.
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Tristan is a largely self-sufficient community, based on farming and fishing. Its main export is Crawfish, sold as 'Tristan Rock Lobster'. Tourism and the Post Office are also important.
Immigration to Tristan is not possible unless you already have a family connection with the island. Even then, there are certain restrictions on residency. It is not possible to buy real estate or property on the islands.
Most visitors arrive on cruise ships and will spend their time in the Settlement. Some visitors stay for six months or more, become part of the community and will make excursions to Nightingale Island, climb the mountain, and enter into village life.
Tristan da Cunha's Settlement site was ideal as a strong stream of pure fresh water known as the Big Watron (thought to be a corruption of 'Watering') rose from a spring at the base of the cliffs, flowed north down the slopes of the Settlement Plain and then cascaded down the low cliffs to the sea.
If you think you have COVID-19 symptoms that require medical attention on St Helena call the hospital on 22500. See the health section below for information on the healthcare facilities on St Helena. Tristan da Cunha is COVID-19 free, and has had no cases.
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas — the main settlement of Tristan da Cunha island, one of several islands in the British overseas territory — has terrain that is too rocky for an airstrip, making the area only accessible by sea. And planning ahead is key when only nine boat visits are made to the island each year.
Tristan da Cunha has pleasant temperatures all year long. The wet climate causes a large amount of rainfall, and it is highly unlikely for areas below 500 meters (1,600 feet) to experience frost. The average annual temperature in Tristan da Cunha is a mild 14.8 degrees Celsius (58.6 degrees Fahrenheit).
A journey to Tristan da Cunha is always by ship. The 2810 km or 1750 mile journey from Cape Town harbour will normally take six days. A landing after the passage depends on the weather, although the Agulhas II normally flies passengers ashore immediately by helicopter, except in severe weather conditions.
No reigning monarch has visited Tristan da Cunha but two notable royal visits have provided highlights in the island's history and the people of Tristan da Cunha are fiercely loyal to the Royal Family and to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
Tristan da Cunha is a British overseas territory. The area was first discovered in 1506, but it did not have any permanent settlers until 1810. In 1816, Tristan da Cunha was annexed by the U.K., and it has stayed under British control ever since.