The current population of lions in Yellowstone is estimated to be 18-24 animals and is thought to be increasing. Mountain lions live an average lifespan of about 12 years in the wild. Mountain lions were significantly reduced by predator control measures during the early 20th century.

Yes, Yellowstone National Park is home to mountain lions (also known as cougars or pumas). While they are one of the park's top predators alongside wolves and grizzly bears, they are incredibly elusive and rarely seen by the average visitor. In 2026, the estimated mountain lion population in the park remains stable at approximately 34 to 42 residents. These large cats are solitary and territorial, primarily inhabiting the rocky, forested areas of the "northern range" where they hunt elk and deer. Because they are masters of camouflage and most active at dawn and dusk, sightings are a rare prize for wildlife enthusiasts. If you are lucky enough to spot one, it is usually from a distance on a steep hillside or a rock outcrop. Park biologists continue to study these animals to understand how they coexist with the park's thriving wolf packs, ensuring that Yellowstone's delicate predatory balance remains intact for future generations.