Yes, mid-air collisions (MACs) have occurred throughout aviation history, though they have become exceedingly rare in 2026 due to advanced Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS) and modern radar. The deadliest mid-air collision in history remains the 1996 Charkhi Dadri crash in India, where a Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 and a Kazakhstan Airlines Ilyushin Il-76 collided, resulting in 349 fatalities. Another landmark incident was the 2002 Überlingen collision over Germany, which led to a massive overhaul of how pilots prioritize automated TCAS alerts over air traffic controller instructions. In the 2026 era, most "collisions" are minor ground-based "wingtip grazings" during taxiing. The rare mid-air incidents that still occur today are almost exclusively involving small general aviation aircraft flying in uncontrolled airspace without transponders, rather than major commercial airliners.