Ear congestion after flying, often called "airplane ear" or barotrauma, occurs when air pressure in the middle ear doesn't equalize with the cabin pressure. The most effective immediate remedy is the Valsalva maneuver: pinch your nostrils shut, close your mouth, and gently try to blow air through your nose; this forces the Eustachian tubes open. Another reliable technique is the Toynbee maneuver, which involves pinching your nose and taking sips of water to trigger swallowing. Chewing gum, yawning, or sucking on hard candy during the plane's descent are excellent preventative measures. If the congestion persists after landing, using an over-the-counter nasal decongestant spray or taking an oral antihistamine can help reduce inflammation in the tubes. For persistent muffled hearing or pain that lasts more than 24 hours, it is vital to see a healthcare professional, as severe cases can lead to fluid buildup or eardrum injury. For infants, feeding them during takeoff and landing is the best way to encourage the swallowing reflex needed to clear their ears.