How do zoos affect animals?

Captivity suppresses the natural instincts of wild animals. Animals suffer permanent frustration because they have no freedom of choice and cannot behave as they would do in their natural environment. This leads to a tendency toward genetic, physical and behavioural degeneration.



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The vast majority of the animals held captive inside their compounds are depressed. They live in perpetual captivity and lack access to all of the things that make life interesting and enjoyable. And, often, they die far earlier than they would if they lived in nature. As it turns out, zoos do far more harm than good.

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Zoo visitors are a factor that may be a stress source for captive animals, especially if the animals do not have any kind of control over their environment, enrichment opportunities, or if the enclosure does not have an adequate design that allows the animal to hide from the visitors' view if it chooses to.

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  • Zoos don't educate the public enough to justify keeping animals captive.
  • Zoos are detrimental to animals' physical health.
  • Zoo confinement is psychologically damaging to animals.


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Captivity suppresses the natural instincts of wild animals. Animals suffer permanent frustration because they have no freedom of choice and cannot behave as they would do in their natural environment. This leads to a tendency toward genetic, physical and behavioural degeneration.

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How Do Zoos and Aquariums Aid In Animal Conservation?
  • Zoos and Aquariums Protect Endangered Species. AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums help reintroduce animals into the wild. ...
  • Repairing Ecosystems. ...
  • Rehabilitation. ...
  • Ecology. ...
  • Biodiversity.


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MYTH 4: Animals in Zoos are happy. Animals in captivity across the globe have been documented displaying signs of anxiety and depression. In fact, psychological distress in zoo animals is so common that it has its own name: Zoochosis.

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Protection Against Extinction Even currently, many species are going extinct across the globe, and many more are facing the threat of extinction. Modern zoos and aquariums help combat these problems. Breeding programs help preserve genetic biodiversity and help reintroduce critically endangered species into the wild.

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Animals were kept in small display areas, with as many species as space would allow. Today, zoos are meant to entertain and educate the public but have a strong emphasis on scientific research and species conservation. There is a trend toward giving animals more space and recreating natural habitats.

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Zoo animals with proper care and enrichment, for example, have similar hormone profiles, live longer, eat better, and are healthier than their wild counterparts. Why? Because life in the wild is hard. In captivity, it's easy.

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In conclusion, wild animals have the opportunity to develop survival skills, greater genetic diversity, autonomy and independence, and the opportunity to interact with a diverse population of their own species while captive animals may not have the same opportunities and are dependent on human care.

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Through patience, consistency and bond building, zookeepers shape animals' natural behaviors through a process called operant conditioning (or training). The overall goal is to capture natural behaviors to create a proactive healthcare program for each animal, said Erin Flynn, ABQ BioPark curator of mammals.

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The zoo or aquarium demonstrates humane treatment of animals by not only meeting the animals' physical needs, but also by providing safe and appropriate social groupings of animals, and by using positive reinforcement methods to train animals.

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Animals in captivity exhibit unnatural behaviours such as apathy, aggression, and stalled maturation (prolonged infantile behaviour). They also carry out a wide spectrum of stress behaviours, ranging from pacing to self-mutilation and beyond. These are not behaviours noted in the wild.

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