For the best prices and guaranteed seat reservations, you should book European high-speed and long-distance trains 90 to 120 days in advance. Most major operators, such as SNCF (France), Trenitalia (Italy), and Renfe (Spain), release their "Early Bird" or "Super Economy" fares roughly three to four months before the departure date. In 2026, booking on the day the "booking window" opens can save you up to 70% compared to a last-minute ticket. For the Eurostar, booking even earlier—up to 6 months in advance—is recommended for the lowest fares. Conversely, for regional and local trains (like those in Switzerland or Belgium), there is usually no financial benefit to booking early, as prices are fixed and reservations are not required. A good rule of thumb is: if the train requires a seat reservation, book as early as the system allows; if it is a "turn-up-and-go" regional service, you can buy your ticket at the station kiosk five minutes before departure without any price penalty.