A Flight Level (FL) is the vertical distance of an aircraft above the ISOBARIC SURFACE of 1013.25hPa (hecto Pascal) or 29.92 in Hg (inches of Mercury).
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Flight levels are then assigned a number which is the apparent altitude (pressure altitude) to the nearest thousand feet, divided by one hundred. Therefore an apparent altitude of 18,000 feet is referred to as Flight Level 180.
Aircraft are much more efficient when flying at higher altitudes. Have you ever wondered why passenger airplanes always cruise at altitudes of 30,000 and higher above mean sea level? The reason is twofold: firstly, the plane can fly faster and, secondly, it is much more efficient money-wise.
(Instructor added note: FL 600 or Flight Level 600, means a flying altitude of 60,000 ft.MSL, for more details, check out this website .) Class B. Generally, airspace from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL surrounding the nation's busiest airports in terms of airport operations or passenger enplanements.
The minimum safe altitude of a route is 19,000 feet MSL and the altimeter setting is reported between 29.92 and 29.43 “Hg, the lowest usable flight level will be 195, which is the flight level equivalent of 19,500 feet MSL (minimum altitude (TBL ENR 1.7-1) plus 500 feet).
For Part 91 General Aviation operations the required flight crew must use supplemental oxygen for any portion of the flight that exceeds 30 minutes above a cabin pressure altitude of 12,500 feet mean sea level (MSL) up to and including 14,000 feet (MSL).
A private jet can fly at a height of up to 45 000 ft, though most cruise at 41 000 ft. This is generally higher than an airline flight and allows for a more direct route – out of the most congested area of the sky. A private jet pilot will choose the optimum cruising altitude depending on the distance of the journey.
According to the requirements specified in the FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet (pertinent excerpts shown below) the B737-800 requires a minimum flightcrew of 2 - a Pilot and Copilot.
In aviation, the rule of three or 3:1 rule of descent is a rule of thumb that 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) of travel should be allowed for every 1,000 feet (300 m) of descent. For example, a descent from flight level 350 would require approximately 35x3=105 nautical miles.