Flight levels are then assigned a number which is the apparent altitude (pressure altitude) to the nearest thousand feet, divided by one hundred. Therefore an apparent altitude of 18,000 feet is referred to as Flight Level 180.
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In aviation, Flight Level 180 refers to 18,000 feet, the transition altitude, which is when you enter Class A airspace.
For aircraft operating at and above FL180 (18,000 feet MSL) or to receive ADS-B services outside the United States, you must be equipped with a Mode-S transponder-based ADS-B transmitter.
According to USA Today, the common cruising altitude for most commercial airplanes is between 33,000 and 42,000 feet, or between about six and nearly eight miles above sea level. Typically, aircraft fly around 35,000 or 36,000 feet in the air.
“What is the purpose of the altimeter reading given to pilots by ATC?” That is the local barometric reading, so the pilots can adjust their altimeter to the same reading to show the correct and accurate altitude for the area at that time. That's very important for landing.
You reset your altimeter to match local, nonstandard station pressure readings, using the Kollsman window on your altimeter. This is usually done every 100NM for aircraft flying below FL180.