Introduction. Coast-to-coast railroads helped build the modern United States into an economic powerhouse, and they continue to play an important if controversial role. Today, privately owned freight rail remains competitive with other modes of transportation, carrying energy supplies and crucial industrial materials.
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How important are trains to the US economy? The railway supply industry's direct contribution in 2020 included $27.7 billion in economic output and 239,272 jobs, while the indirect contribution consisted of $22.2 billion in economic output and 191,071 jobs.
Railroads haul the most freight of any form of transport in terms of ton-miles, a measure of cargo volume that considers weight and distance carried. Railroads now haul 40 percent of total U.S. freight, up from 27 percent in 1980, according to U.S. Bureau of Transportation data.
Texas tops the list with 208 million tons of rail freight received each year. The Lone Star State is crisscrossed by a large network of railroads, making it easy for goods to move in and out of the state.
Railroads became a major industry, stimulating other heavy industries such as iron and steel production. These advances in travel and transport helped drive settlement in the western regions of North America and were integral to the nation's industrialization.
There are many reasons why Americans don't ride the rails as often as their European cousins. Most obviously, America is bigger than most European countries. Outside the northeast corridor, the central Texas megalopolis, California and the eastern Midwest, density is sometimes too low to support intercity train travel.
During the post-World War II boom many railroads were driven out of business due to competition from airlines and Interstate highways. The rise of the automobile led to the end of passenger train service on most railroads.
But passenger trains are growing in popularity, and not just among the “Flight shame/Train brag” crowd. Congestion in US skies and on American roads, particularly in urban corridors, are already pulling people out of their cars and off shorter flights on to trains.
This monumental engineering feat had for the US. It caused trade to flourish, and by 1880, the railroad was moving $50m worth of freight each year. As new towns sprung up along the rail line, it changed where Americans lived, spurred westward expansion and made travel more affordable.
Planning a trip to all the states by train is quite the endeavor. Amtrak has stops in 46 states - but many of the trips originate out of main hubs in Chicago and northeast coast cities like New York and Washington D.C. Therefore visiting the 46 states in one trip would require some serious backtracking.
American railways were also built on a wider gauge (the distance between the rails), which allows for larger and heavier trains. As a result, American freight railways are much more efficient than their European counterparts, carrying almost three times as much cargo per mile of track.
This fuel efficiency ties directly in with the environmental impact you have when transporting goods. Railroads emit less greenhouse gas than vehicles by up to 75 percent for the same load. Plus, with careful planning, railroads can carry more per trip, saving emissions that might otherwise go into the air.