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How is eco tourism different to sustainable tourism?

Ecotourism is a niche segment of tourism in natural areas. Sustainable Tourism does not refer to a specific type of tourism, it is an aspiration for the impacts of all forms of tourism.



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Industry consensus agrees ecotourism is more focused on ecological conservation and educating travelers on local environments and natural surroundings, whereas sustainable tourism focuses on travel that has minimal impact on the environment and local communities.

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Ecotourism is more responsible travel which is mainly concerned with preserving the environment and respecting the culture of local populations. However, the traditional tourism only refers to scenic destinations, mainly to enjoy the beauty of nature.

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To many people, the terms Green Tourism, Ecotourism, and Sustainable Tourism may sound like the same thing, to be used interchangeably. However, each of these terms refers to different practices followed by the tourism industry, from the running of hotels to how tourists behave.

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Sustainable tourism is often separated in 3 sub-categories:
  • Responsible tourism: Tourism that minimizes environmental damage and carbon footprint.
  • Solidarity tourism: Tourism that aims to develop territories and help local communities.
  • Fair tourism: Tourism based on the principle of fair trade.


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Nature tourism or ecotourism is a type of environmentally friendly tourism. Nature tourism is a subvariant of responsible tourism which focuses on areas of nature and wilderness, environmental conservation, and leisure activities involving nature.

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Simply put, ecotourism is tourism that centers around awareness of the environment and the local community. As eco-tourists, the goal is to visit an area with the well-being of the local people and nature in mind. Not only should you respect their home, but you should actively improve it whenever you can.

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The Six Senses Resort in Fiji is a five-star luxury resort that operates in accordance with sustainable tourism principles. For instance, the resort is entirely powered by solar energy, and it includes its own rain capture and water filtration facilities, helping to reduce the use of plastic bottles.

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The 4 Pillar Approach To Sustainable Tourism
  • CarpeDM Vision: We are dedicated to enhancing the lives of the local community by creating authentic experiences for world travellers.
  • CarpeDM Mission: ...
  • The four pillars include: Environmental Responsibility, Social Equity, Economic Health, and Cultural Vitality.


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Tourism forms identified by the literature as being “sustainable” are numerous: ecological tourism (ecotourism), green tourism, soft, rural tourism and agrotourism, community tourism, solidarity and responsible tourism, all these opposing to the traditional, mass tourism.

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Characteristics of Sustainable Tourism
  • Benefits Local Economic Development.
  • Ensures Tourism Development Benefits Both Community and Environment.
  • Meets Both Profitability and Viability.
  • Becomes Part of the Local Culture.
  • Reinvests in the Local Region.


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Overdevelopment of the region surrounding a protected area to accommodate mass tourism may negatively impact nature. Many species are not confined to the protected natural zone, and over-development can damage migration and breeding patterns, increase water and air pollution, and increase erosion.

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The 3 main characteristics of ecotourism are defined as: nature based; environmentally educated; and sustainably managed.

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