You take your bags into the train with you and put them on the rack above your seat, or in the space between the seat backs, or on floor-standing racks at the car ends or in the seating area. On local & regional trains you usually just stick bags on the floor. There's usually no separate baggage car on European trains.

On European trains, luggage handling is a "self-service" experience; unlike airlines, there is no "checked bag" system on the vast majority of rail networks. You are responsible for carrying your own bags onto the train and stowing them yourself. Most high-speed trains (like the TGV, ICE, or Frecciarossa) feature luggage racks at the ends of each carriage for large suitcases and overhead racks for smaller carry-ons. In 2026, security is a high priority, so you must ensure all your bags are clearly labeled with your name and contact information. On regional and local trains, space can be tight, and you may need to keep your bags in the vestibule or near your seat. A key tip for European rail travel is to pack only what you can lift, as you will likely need to navigate stairs at train stations and lift your bag into the overhead rack. While theft is rare, it is wise to use a small cable lock to secure your bag to the rack if you are sitting far away or if you plan to visit the restaurant car during a long journey.