In 2026, Japan Railways (JR) trains generally operate until approximately 12:00 AM to 1:00 AM. In major hubs like Tokyo, the last trains on high-traffic lines such as the Yamanote Line usually depart around 12:30 AM and complete their loops by 1:00 AM. On New Year's Eve, JR often operates special overnight services, but for standard daily travel, there is a "dead period" between 1:00 AM and 4:30 AM when the tracks undergo mandatory maintenance. It is a common tourist mistake to assume 24-hour service; if you miss the last "shuden" (last train), you will likely need to rely on a taxi or wait at a 24-hour manga cafe. High-speed Shinkansen services end much earlier, with the last long-distance departures typically scheduled between 9:00 PM and 10:00 PM to ensure they reach their final destinations before the midnight track curfew.