Generally, a typical runway length for a fully loaded Boeing 747-400, one of the most common variants, is around 10,000 to 12,000 feet (3,048 to 3,658 meters) for takeoff.
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A Boeing 747-8 landing with 85% of its payload and 30% of its fuel, weighs 92% (8F) or 98% (8i) of its Maximum Landing Weight (MLW). The FAA/EASA Minimum runway length requirements for MLW landings are 7,500ft (~2,300m) for the 747-8F, and 6,750ft (~2,000m) for the 747-8i.
Can a 747 land on a 7000 foot runway? A 747 requires a 7400 foot runway at a normal operating weight, so if it were particularly light, it could operate on a 7000 foot runway.
For runway operations, Boeing incorporated into the 747-8 flight test program a plan to collect data to demonstrate that the 747-8 can operate safely on an ADG V runway width of 150 feet (45.7 meters). The ADG VI requirement is 200 feet (61 meters).
A runway of at least 6,000 ft (1,829 m) in length is usually adequate for aircraft weights below approximately 200,000 lb (90,718 kg). Larger aircraft including widebodies will usually require at least 8,000 ft (2,438 m) at sea level and somewhat more at higher altitude airports.
When all is said and done, the Airbus A380 needs 3,000 m (9,800 ft) of runway to take off fully-loaded, while the Boeing 747-8 requires 3,100 m (10,200 ft).
The chart notes that if a Boeing 747-400 had an operational landing weight of 475,000 lbs (215,456 kg) and wanted to land at a runway located at sea level, then the suggested runway length would be a little over 1,500 meters, or roughly 5,000 feet.
For instance, a runway catering to only general aviation aircraft might be 50 ft wide and 3000 ft long, whereas a runway catering to Boeing 737s and international flights might be 150 ft wide and 10,000 ft long.
A typical takeoff speed for a Boeing 747 is around 160 knots (184 mph), depending on the jet's wing flap configuration, the number of passengers aboard, and the weight of their luggage, fuel load, current weather conditions, and other factors.
At cruising altitude, most commercial airplanes fly at a speed of roughly 500 to 600 mph. When landing, however, they must reduce their speed. A typical 747, for instance, has a landing speed of about 160 to 170 mph. And upon touching the runway, airplanes must quickly brake until they come to a complete stop.
The Boeing 747 is considered to have the longest takeoff distance of the more common aircraft types and has set the standard for runway lengths of larger international airports. At sea level, 3,200 m (10,500 ft) can be considered an adequate length to land virtually any aircraft.
Not incidentally, they require much smaller crews. The Boeing 747 can have a flight crew of 4 and 16 flight attendants, while the total crew on an A380 superjumbo can range from around 20 up to an amazing 31. An Airbus A321 that seats 180 to 220 people typically has a flight crew of two and five flight attendants.
A vertical and/or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) aircraft is an airplane able to take-off or land vertically or on short runways. Vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft are a subset of V/STOL craft that do not require runways at all. Generally, a V/STOL aircraft needs to be able to hover.
Irausquin Airport (IATA: SAB, ICAO: TNCS) is an airport on the Dutch Caribbean island of Saba. Its runway is widely acknowledged as the shortest commercial runway in the world, with a length of 400 m (1,312 ft).
With necessary runway requirements at just over 6000 feet, the 737-200 is able to access a great number of additional airports in comparison to its competition in the class.
Different airplanes have different maximum altitudes, depending on their construction. For example, the Airbus A320 has a maximum altitude of 39,000 feet (11,900m) and the Boeing 747 45,000 feet (13,700m).