To upgrade from Economy (Flexible) or Premium Economy to Business Class on Iberia using Avios, you typically need between 15,000 and 35,000 Avios for a one-way long-haul flight, depending on the route and the time of year (Peak vs. Off-Peak). For example, a one-way upgrade from New York to Madrid during off-peak dates usually costs around 17,500 to 20,000 Avios. However, keep in mind that only certain fare classes are eligible for upgrades; the most restrictive "Basic Economy" tickets usually cannot be upgraded with points. You can check for "U class" availability (the specific code for Business Class award seats) through the Iberia Plus portal. If you are upgrading from Premium Economy, the point requirement is generally lower than upgrading from standard Economy. It is often considered one of the best "values" for your Avios, especially since Iberia’s business class offers lie-flat seats and high-quality Spanish cuisine, making a long transatlantic journey significantly more comfortable for a relatively modest amount of points.