For economy flights, you earn 0.25 Avios per mile flown, with a minimum of 125 per flight. You earn substantially more in higher classes and for having a Bronze, Silver or Gold BA Executive Club card. Flights on other oneworld partner airlines, such as Qantas, will earn at similar levels as you can see here.

In the context of British Airways and Qatar Airways, one "mile" of flight distance does not necessarily equal one Avios. Since 2023, British Airways has moved to a spend-based model for earning Avios on its own flights. For a standard "Blue" member, you earn 6 Avios for every £1 spent on the base fare and carrier-imposed charges (excluding government taxes). This means that a short, expensive flight could earn significantly more Avios than a long, discounted one. However, if you are flying on partner airlines (like American Airlines or Alaska Airlines), you still earn Avios based on a percentage of the actual physical miles flown. This percentage varies by fare class: a "Full Fare Economy" ticket might earn 100% of the miles flown in Avios, while a "Discount Economy" ticket might only earn 25%. For example, a 3,000-mile flight on a partner at a 50% earning rate would net you 1,500 Avios. When redeeming Avios, the cost of a flight is also loosely based on distance zones (e.g., a flight under 650 miles costs a fixed amount of Avios).