To truly appreciate the history and scale of Washington DC, a minimum of three to four days is recommended. A single day is only enough for a "highlight reel" of the National Mall and the major monuments. With three days, you can dedicate one full day to the core monuments (Lincoln, Washington, WWII) and the US Capitol, a second day to two or three Smithsonian museums (like Air and Space or Natural History), and a third day to explore unique neighborhoods like Georgetown or the Wharf. If you are a deep-dive history buff or traveling with children who want to visit the National Zoo and the Spy Museum, five to seven days is better. This allows you to avoid "museum burnout" and gives you time for a somber and necessary visit to Arlington National Cemetery or a trip across the river to Mount Vernon, George Washington’s estate.