The "Jacobite" refers to the series of uprisings in Great Britain and Ireland between 1688 and 1746. While there is no single "total" death count for the entire 58-year period of conflict, the most famous and final conflict, the Battle of Culloden (1746), saw a devastating loss of life. In just under an hour of fighting, approximately 1,500 to 2,000 Jacobites were killed or wounded, while the government forces lost only about 50 to 300 men. Following the battle, hundreds more Jacobites were hunted down and executed or died from mistreatment in prisons and on transport ships to the colonies. If you include the earlier risings of 1689, 1715 (The Fifteen), and 1719, the total death toll from combat, executions, and disease related to the uprisings likely exceeds 5,000 to 7,000 people. The aftermath of Culloden was particularly brutal, as the "Duke of Cumberland" earned the nickname "The Butcher" for his role in the systematic suppression of the Highland clans, leading to a period of cultural and physical devastation that permanently altered the demographics of northern Scotland.