The final cost of the Grand Central Madison station (the centerpiece of the "East Side Access" project in New York City) reached approximately $11.6 billion. Originally estimated at $4.4 billion in 2004, the project faced decades of delays, technical challenges 140 feet below the streets of Manhattan, and rising material costs. Opened in early 2023, it is the first major terminal expansion for the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) in over a century. In 2026, additional smaller investments (up to $50 million) are still being made to finalize specific entrances—such as the 45th Street and Madison Avenue corridor—and to enhance the digital wayfinding systems. Despite the staggering price tag, the terminal serves over 17 million passengers annually, significantly reducing commute times for those traveling from Long Island to the East Side of Manhattan.