How much fog can a plane land in?

Various aircraft also have different limitations regarding how low the visibility can be. As mentioned above, if the runway visibility is below 550m, the autopilot must do the landing. Some aircraft can land down to a minimum visibility of 300m whilst others might be 200m, 100m or 75m.



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Low Visibility Caused by Heavy Rain However, to land the aircraft manually, the pilots require a horizontal visibility of 550m. If the rain is extremely heavy, visibility may reduce to below this level. This then requires the pilots to carry out an 'auto-land' where the aircraft touches down with the autopilot engaged.

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With this in mind, horizontal winds (also known as “crosswinds”) in excess of 30-35 kts (about 34-40 mph) are generally prohibitive of take-off and landing. As far as how this happens, it depends on where you are in flight.

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Whether flying at night or during the day, pilots need to see some kind of horizon. They use this to determine the airplane's attitude. At night pilots will turn their gaze from outside to inside and use the artificial horizon. The artificial horizon is normally a simply globe split into two hemispheres.

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