An HOV lane citation is a minimum of $490 in California, according to the California Department of Transportation. But the fines vary by county.
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Most HOT lanes allow carpools to use the lane for free (local signs will specify this and indicate if carpools must carry a FasTrak transponder). HOT lanes may not be used by vehicles restricted to a 55 MPH speed limit. An example of a HOT lane is the Sunol Grade on Interstate 680 in the San Francisco Bay Area.
In California, if you go through FasTrak lane without a pass, you will receive a toll violation notice. Toll violation will include the regular toll rate plus a penalty as: First notice: $25 penalty. Second notice: $70.