In almost any other airport, 45 minutes would be a gamble, but at Munich Airport (MUC), it is often a perfectly viable "Minimum Connection Time" (MCT), especially if both flights are operated by Lufthansa or a Star Alliance partner. Munich is designed for efficiency, with a layout that allows for rapid transit between gates, particularly within Terminal 2. The airport even utilizes a subterranean "automated people mover" to connect the main terminal to the satellite building in under a minute. However, there is a major catch: this 45-minute window only works for Schengen-to-Schengen connections (e.g., Amsterdam to Munich to Rome). If you are arriving from a non-Schengen country (like the US or UK) and need to clear passport control, 45 minutes is extremely risky and likely not enough time given modern "EU entry" security queues. For a domestic or EU-only flight, Munich is one of the few places where you can make a "sprint" connection successfully.