Both types of these hotel rooms are designed for two people. The twin room has two single beds. The double room has one double bed, so-called, a marital bed.
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The beds in a double room are usually two single beds pushed together, but they can also be one large bed (a queen or king size). In the United Kingdom, there are also rooms called twin rooms, which have two single beds, but these are usually for people who are travelling together and want their own beds.
Both types of these hotel rooms are designed for two people. The twin room has two single beds. The double room has one double bed, so-called, a marital bed.
Both types of rooms are designed for two people, but in a twin room they sleep separately, and in a double room - together. See what are the other types of hotel rooms and abbreviations.
In that case, yes hotels often use single beds strapped together to make a double bed. It gives them the flexiblity to change the configuration of the room and make it a twin or a double.