Is backpacking bad for your back?

Wearing a backpack that is too heavy can cause back pain, neck pain, numbness and tingling in the arms and hands, and weakness in the arms and hands. Done repetitively or for long periods of time, this practice can potentially damage the spine and sensitive nerves of the neck and back.



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Pain caused from excessive loads has gained the term “backpack syndrome.” Backpack syndrome causes headaches, neck and back pain, and fatigue. There have been studies examining the effects of carrying backpacks on one shoulder versus both shoulders. Carrying a bag on one shoulder causes significant asymmetries.

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These heavy loads place stress on the spine and shoulders of children, causing muscle strain and fatigue. For some kids the aches and pains are bad enough to seek medical attention. Too much weight can also lead to bad habits such as poor posture and excessive slouching.

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But wearing a backpack incorrectly, or carrying one that's too heavy, can have harmful effects on the spine. Incorrect backpack use is associated with back pain, neck pain, bad posture, and intervertebral disk compression, possibly leading to a herniated disk.

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Continuous use of heavy backpacks, bags, suitcases, briefcases, and purses can cause muscle weakness and fatigue. This pushes the spine out of alignment. It also causes bad posture and other conditions that lead to scoliosis in children and teens (since the spine is still developing at these ages).

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According to a recent estimate, 96 percent of children in school are carrying way too much on their backs. In fact, 5,000 children every year go to the emergency department for backpack injuries. And, more than 14,000 children are treated yearly for related problems.

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A backpacking trip changed my perception of what actually matters in life. There is something to be said about the fact that I still consider the year I lived out of a backpack as one of the happiest years of my life. Mostly because it was during this year that my perception on happiness completely changed.

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Backpacks shift your center of gravity backward a bit, so leaning forward slightly will help you keep balance as you trek. Just enough so that you can easily maintain balance. Too much will cause back strain and the backpack's weight will fall on your back though.

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“To compensate, we shift our upper back and head forward to counter the weight.” According to Hallmeyer, this can contribute to a hunched posture — similar to the posture many people assume when using their smartphones — and muscle pain. Avoid the hunch and chronic pain by simply tightening your backpack straps.

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Backpack should fall below your shoulders and above your hips. Choose the smallest backpack that fits your functional needs. The backpack should not go above your shoulders or fall below your hips. Backpacks with more than one compartment allow you to distribute weight.

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Let Your Backpack Help You The more you let it pull your shoulders down and back, the more you use your abs to keep your back straight, and the more you keep your head over your shoulders, the better your posture will be – even without the backpack on.

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This type of paralysis can occur when a backpack overloads our shoulder girdle, causing the shoulder blades to sag down dragging the collarbones with them. The collarbones will then compress the delicate long thoracic nerve against our rib cage and it is this nerve compression which causes the paralysis.

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As most administrators know, schools have been barring backpacks for years to prevent students from concealing weapons and other potentially problematic objects.

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Walking, hiking or running with a weighted backpack is known as rucking. It's a tough workout that can help you build endurance while also gaining muscle, said Michael O'Dowd, tactical expert for the fitness brand Ten Thousand with nine years of experience as a SEAL.

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