Although the official language spoken in Rome is Italian, travellers will find that many locals speak English, especially those who work in restaurants, hotels and other places associated with tourism.
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In other words, no, it's not illegal to speak English in Italy despite what the twitterverse says. English is not the only language targeted by the legislation. All foreign languages are. However, because English is an example of a language that “demeans and mortifies” Italian, it's making headlines.
And please, do not burp or fart in public, it is considered extremely rude. Also, loud swearing and drinking alcohol from a bottle while walking the street, is frowned upon. Most Italians like some alcohol, but usually avoid to get drunk. Public scenes of drunkenness are much less tolerated than in other countries.