No, Petra is not part of Israel; it is located entirely within the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Petra is an ancient Nabataean city carved into the red desert sandstone and is one of the "New Seven Wonders of the World." Geographically, it is situated in southwestern Jordan, about a three-hour drive south of the capital, Amman, and roughly two hours north of the Red Sea port of Aqaba. While many tourists visit Petra as a day trip or multi-day excursion from Israel—crossing the border at the Yitzhak Rabin/Wadi Araba crossing near Eilat—it is a sovereign Jordanian site. Visitors crossing from Israel should be aware that they will need to pay Jordanian visa fees (unless they have a Jordan Pass and stay for several nights) and exit taxes when returning to Israel. The confusion often arises because of the close proximity of the two countries, but Petra is the "crown jewel" of Jordanian tourism and is a source of immense national pride for the Jordanian people, remaining a distinct and internationally recognized territory of Jordan.