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Is the Amazon rainforest losing water?

A new study reveals the Amazon is losing surface water | WWF. A new study shows that large amounts of surface freshwater are being lost every year in the Amazon. The changes are being caused by human intervention, including hydropower dams and deforestation, and climate change.



Recent scientific studies and satellite data as of early 2026 indicate that the Amazon rainforest is indeed experiencing a significant and alarming loss of water, a phenomenon known as "savannization." This process is driven by a combination of climate change, localized deforestation, and a disruption of the "flying rivers"—the vast columns of water vapor that trees release into the atmosphere. Under normal conditions, the Amazon creates its own weather through transpiration, but as more trees are cleared for agriculture and mining, there is less moisture being recycled back into the air. This has led to increasingly severe and prolonged droughts, causing river levels to drop to historic lows and drying out the forest floor. When the forest loses its moisture, it becomes more susceptible to wildfires, which further degrades the ecosystem. Furthermore, the warming of the Atlantic Ocean has shifted rainfall patterns away from the basin. Researchers warn that the Amazon is approaching a "tipping point" where it may no longer be able to sustain itself as a rainforest, potentially transitioning into a dry savannah, which would have catastrophic implications for global carbon storage and biodiversity.

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Tackling these challenges necessitates coordinated action on local, national, and global levels. “We need immediate support. The Amazon river is drying up in the worst possible way, and all that's left for our Indigenous brothers to drink is dirty water,” says Hernández.

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INPE's deforestation alert system, known as DETER, indicates that forest clearing in Brazil's section of the Amazon totaled 563 square kilometers in August 2023. This is a 66% decline — equating to nearly 1,100 square kilometers — compared to the same month the previous year.

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Dangerous aquatic life: Some rivers, such as the Amazon, are home to a variety of dangerous aquatic animals, such as piranhas, electric eels, and crocodiles. These animals can pose a serious threat to swimmers, so it is important to be aware of their presen.

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Falling water levels in the rivers and lakes of the Brazilian Amazon are restricting the flow of ships and boats, the main form of transport in the region and the only means of access to health and education facilities for many communities.

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The Amazon region itself—the seven million square kilometer basin stretching over nine Brazilian states and eight other sovereign countries—would become virtually uninhabitable, according to the model. Rainfall would be 25 percent lower and temperatures up to 4.5°C hotter.

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