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Is there a flight engineer on every flight?

In most modern aircraft, their complex systems are both monitored and adjusted by electronic microprocessors and computers, resulting in the elimination of the flight engineer's position. In earlier days, most larger aircraft were designed and built with a flight engineer's position.



No, the role of the Flight Engineer (FE) has been almost entirely phased out of modern commercial aviation in 2026. Historically, FEs were the "third person" in the cockpit responsible for monitoring complex mechanical systems. However, with the advent of advanced computer systems and glass cockpits in the 1980s (starting with the Boeing 757 and 767), these tasks were automated. Today, virtually all commercial passenger jets, including the Airbus A320neo, Boeing 787, and A350, are designed for a two-pilot crew. You will only find Flight Engineers on a very small number of "heritage" or specialized cargo aircraft, such as older variants of the Boeing 747-200 or the Douglas DC-8, which are rare in 2026. The shift to a two-person flight deck has significantly reduced airline operating costs while maintaining high safety standards through automation.

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According to the requirements specified in the FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet (pertinent excerpts shown below) the B737-800 requires a minimum flightcrew of 2 - a Pilot and Copilot.

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They assist the pilot during flight by monitoring and operating many of the systems and instruments and making any required in-flight repairs. In a three-member crew, the pilot is called the captain, the co-pilot is the first officer, and the flight engineer is the second officer.

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In the past, there was always a flight engineer in the cockpit alongside the two pilots, but now only three people are on board to control the aircraft on long-haul flights, to allow for alternating rest phases. For particularly small aircraft with up to eleven passengers, only one pilot is even necessary.

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Which UK airline pays pilots the most?
  • TUI Group. 3.7 £90,244per year. 1,035 reviews6 salaries reported.
  • Virgin Atlantic. 3.9 £75,202per year. ...
  • British Airways. 3.7 £73,550per year. ...
  • Jet2.com and Jet2holidays. 3.4 £68,970per year. ...
  • BAE Systems. 3.8 £67,756per year. ...
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A plane needs balance to be stable. When it has two wings, it has lift on both sides, and it is pushed straight up into the air. But if you remove one wing, suddenly the plane is out of balance. It would have a huge weight in the middle and lift on only one side, causing the plane to lift unevenly, and stall.

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Flight times within the duty periods are restricted to a maximum of 8 hours for flight crews consisting of one pilot and 10 hours for flight crews consisting of two pilots. The 8-hour and 10-hour flight time limitations include any additional commercial flying performed by the flight crew during the period.

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